What does a signed consent form ensure in a research study?

A signed consent form is a critical component in research involving human subjects as it reflects the principle of respect for persons. This principle emphasizes the importance of recognizing the autonomy of individuals and their right to make informed decisions about their participation in research. By obtaining a signed consent form, researchers demonstrate that they have provided potential participants with comprehensive information regarding the study, including its purpose, procedures, risks, benefits, and alternatives. It ensures that participants voluntarily agree to take part in the study, thereby honoring their autonomy and individual choice.

The other options relate to different ethical principles in research. Beneficence is about maximizing benefits and minimizing harm to participants, while justice involves the fair distribution of the benefits and burdens of research. Equity, often tied to justice, emphasizes fairness in the treatment and consideration of individuals involved in research. While all these principles are essential in conducting ethical research, a signed consent form specifically directly addresses the need to respect individuals and their choices, which is why it aligns best with the concept of respect for persons.