What is true about the relationship between an institution and its IRB(s)?

The correct choice indicates that officials of the institution may overrule an IRB approval. This is true because while the Institutional Review Board (IRB) is responsible for the ethical review and approval of research protocols involving human subjects, the institution itself ultimately has the authority over the conduct of research within its purview. This means that while an IRB's decision to approve a study is based on ethical considerations, officials, such as university or institutional leaders, can decide not to allow the research to proceed even if the IRB has granted approval. This may occur for various reasons, including institutional policy, potential liability concerns, or alignment with the institution's mission and values.

Understanding this relationship highlights the importance of both the IRB's role in safeguarding the welfare of research participants and the institution's overarching responsibility for ensuring that all research activities adhere to its standards and policies.